Beach, more brightly colored than you think

Both feet on the beach in the soft, blue sky and sea front pavilions, wet salty sea breeze blowing through your hair. What, the beach under the sun than desirable?

[A couple on the beach in white Hymas kiss. Here the sand by the near total purity of quartz, the Guinness Book of World Records as "the world's best white sand." 】

Quartz: the protagonist of the beach Why is the world's beaches are usually golden yellow? This should be about the composition of the sand. In geology, sand, more professional to say, sand, according to Wentz Wooden Winter grading program, referring to the diameter of 0.0625 to 2 mm between the particles. Changing the composition of sand, but in general, the main component is quartz, accounting for 2 / 3 or more. Followed by feldspar and debris, may account for the 10 to 15%, far less than quartz. Quartz showing colorless, white or yellow, so the beach from afar, is a golden. Some parts of the beach, such as the United States, Florida Siesta Beach and Hymas New South Wales, Australia, beach, by the almost one hundred percent quartz, and therefore perfectly clean. But why just the quartz dominate? Let us return to the sand of the mother - on the surface of exposed rock, or "rock" to start. After the baptism of rock weathering, and gradually fall apart, become debris. Wind and sun, acid oxidation, biological growth, the collapse of the rock are the driving force. Usually water, sometimes with the wind and gravity, handling the debris. In the handling process, further broken debris, erosion, and ultimately into the sea. Encounter in the ocean and the mainland coast, the river entered the sea in an endless sand, there are waves, currents and storms from time to time in the sediment washed into the sea-shore, to form the beach.

[Weathering crust is a kind of destructive effects of the surface rocks can be divided into the physical destruction of the rock mechanical weathering, chemical and biological changes in the chemical weathering of biological weathering. 】

From rock to the beach in long-distance migration, on the one hand, quietly changed the structure of debris - the shape becomes more rounded, head becomes uniform, edges have been polished clean. On the other hand, the journey is also a component of the rock weathering stability of the difficult test. Carbonate minerals such as calcite, it is easy to dissolve in the water, disappear early on. Magmatic rocks in the dark common mafic minerals such as olivine, pyroxene, hornblende, the surface can easily break down. This is the first major crustal rock-forming minerals of the feldspar, but also beats in this contest. Only quartz, both up to 7 Mohs hardness, but also less prone to chemical reactions, and ultimately experienced and stand out on the beach in the world shine.

[Geologists conclude that the surface mineral weathering sequence. Sequence of continuous and discontinuous silica-alumina, respectively, reflecting the light and dark mafic minerals mineral weathering rate order, which also happens to be their condensation in the magma generation of the crystallization process the order. The more the depths of the earth, formed under high pressure and high temperature minerals, the more unstable the surface. 】

Colored beach, glittering However, not all beaches are composed mainly by quartz, and not all of the debris have been long-distance transport. In some beaches, sand not far from the coast directly from the rock. Therefore, the composition of the beach here on the coast of the geological structure is closely related to the ever-changing color, far more than white and yellow. For example, in the United States Island Pleitiffer California beach, because it has purple and white pattern and unique. It's purple, from the surrounding rock formation in the manganese garnet particles.

[Pleitiffer Beach has a unique color and white pattern, the purple comes from manganese garnet in the rock. 】

Hawaiian Islands, the role of frequent volcanic hot spots, although almost the whole area and Beijing, has brought together the world's most colorful beach type. Located on the Big Island of Punaluu Beach, is a rare black sand beaches. Volcanic eruption of lava into the sea, rapidly cooling and collapse of the crushing, grinding, under the influence of the waves into a fine black sand. Hawaii volcanic lava, almost all of the base of the basalt. This volcanic rocks rich in pyroxene, olivine and other dark minerals, but also contains some iron minerals such as magnetite, ilmenite, it is generally black.

[Punaluu Beach is not only to attract many tourists, is an endangered species, the green turtle colony. 】

Big Island of Hawaii is located south of Papakolea Beach, is a paved by the green olivine beach. It also eroded by the formation of a scoria cone. Washed in strong waves, the basalt of the other ingredients, such as pyroxene, silica was taken away, and the density of olivine is gradually coming together.

[Papakolea beach, paved green olivine sand beach. 】

The island of Maui in Hawaii Kaihalulu Beach, holds a unique red. The seaward side of this beach is a reef, forming a natural barrier separating the sea. Behind the volcanic cinder cone (cinder cone), constantly eroded. As long there is no new volcanism, long-term exposure to volcanic rocks of the iron is gradually oxidized to ferric iron red brick. Blue sea, with red on the beach and mountains, nestled in the lush green of iron into the wood. It is noteworthy, because Kaihalulu located at a remote beach, arrived inconvenience, it attracted a lot of celestial bath lovers. They are naked, but also adding to the bloody beaches of this piece of flair.

[Color Hongyan Kaihalulu beach, around the same bright red mountain and lush green plants. 】

Wonderful creatures Paved white quartz, black basalt, olivine green sand ... ... the difference of inorganic components, creating a dazzling and colorful beach. Another form the backbone of the sand - biological, but also not be underestimated. Large claws of crustaceans, colorful coral, small drift of foraminifera, diatoms and radiolaria, many marine organisms can form a calcium (or siliceous) skeleton or shell. In the waves, currents and so on, they are broken into small particles, moving to the shore piled up to form the beach. Some organisms are also involved in the manufacturing process of coral sand, such as parrot fish can bite under the coral, in the digestive tract further crushed to sand, mud in the form of the body.

[Some of the bone or shell to produce calcium marine life. 】

Coral reefs in tropical and subtropical regions of the islands, coral and other marine life of bone, is the main component of sand. These beaches are usually white. However, due to differences in biological composition can also change. Bahamas Harbour Island in the pink sand beach, is the world's most romantic beach. Here the sand contains a Homotrema rubrum remains of foraminifera, it's red and white coral sand have been mixed together, modulation with heady pink.

[Sexy and romantic pink sand beach, no doubt capture the hearts and minds of the best sacred lovers. 】

Finally, take a look at humanity's own beach bar - this is not full of those bikini beautiful beaches, but create works of human hands. Island in California Fort Bragg, there is a paved beach by the glass. There was once a town where discarded waste, and later the government began to be protected. Big-ticket items and metal items were people cleaning up to go, only some of the glass, such as windows, bottles, and the remaining time at the beach waiting for the transformation. Do not worry about the glass will cut the hands and feet - day after day has rubbed off a wave of angular glass fragments, so that they become mellow warm up.

[Unique glass beach. Even if not magic, you can learn here the ability to walk on broken glass

published 4 months ago

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